Understanding Endometriosis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a common health condition that affects many women and girls. In this condition, tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside it. As a result, this tissue can cause pain, swelling, and other problems. Although endometriosis is not life-threatening, it can affect daily life. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 10% of women of reproductive age have endometriosis. Early understanding and care can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Common Symptoms of Endometriosis

Many people with endometriosis experience different symptoms. However, some signs are more common than others. Recognizing these can help you seek help sooner. Here are the most frequent symptoms:

Painful periods (cramps that may be severe)

Pain during or after sex

Lower back or pelvic pain

Heavy or irregular periods

Difficulty getting pregnant

Pain when using the bathroom, especially during periods

Fatigue or feeling very tired

Sometimes, symptoms can be mild or even absent. Still, if you notice any of these signs, it is important to talk to your doctor.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not know the exact cause of endometriosis. Yet, several factors may increase the risk. Understanding these can help you be more aware. Possible causes and risk factors include:

Family history of endometriosis

Starting periods at an early age

Short menstrual cycles (less than 27 days)

Heavy periods that last more than seven days

Never giving birth

Problems with the immune system

Although these factors may raise your risk, having one or more does not mean you will get endometriosis. On the other hand, some people with no risk factors may still develop the condition.

How Endometriosis is Diagnosed

Diagnosing endometriosis can take time. Often, symptoms are similar to other health problems. However, doctors use several steps to find out if you have endometriosis. These may include:

Medical history and symptom review

Physical exam, including a pelvic exam

Imaging tests, such as ultrasound or MRI

Laparoscopy, a minor surgery to look inside the abdomen

Sometimes, a laparoscopy is the only way to confirm endometriosis. Early diagnosis can help you get the right treatment and support.

Treatment Options for Endometriosis

Treatment for endometriosis depends on your symptoms and plans for having children. While there is no cure, many options can help manage pain and other problems. Common treatments include:

Pain relief medicines, such as ibuprofen

Hormone therapy to slow tissue growth

Birth control pills or devices

Surgery to remove endometriosis tissue

Fertility treatments if you want to get pregnant

In some cases, a combination of treatments works best. Your doctor will help you choose the right plan for your needs. For those living with endometriosis, regular check-ups are important.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

Although you cannot always prevent endometriosis, some lifestyle changes may help manage symptoms. Here are some helpful tips:

Exercise regularly to reduce pain and stress

Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables

Use heat pads to ease cramps

Practice relaxation techniques, such as yoga or deep breathing

Track your symptoms to share with your doctor

While these steps may not cure endometriosis, they can make daily life easier. Always talk to your doctor before starting new treatments or routines.

When to See a Doctor

If you have ongoing pelvic pain, heavy periods, or trouble getting pregnant, you should see a doctor. Early care can help prevent problems from getting worse. If symptoms change or become severe, do not delay seeking help. At Dr. Snehal Murde, every person’s experience with endometriosis is understood to be different, which is why the right advice matters for long-term health.

If you think you may have endometriosis, consult Dr. Snehal Murde for personalised guidance and appropriate care based on your symptoms.